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The universe is filled with galaxy clusters – massive structures piled up at the intersection of the cosmic web. A single cluster can span millions of light years and consist of hundreds, or even thousands, of galaxies. However, these galaxies represent only a few percent of the total mass of the cluster. About 80% of it is dark matter, and the rest is hot plasma “soup”: gas heated to above 10,000,000℃ and entwined with weak magnetic fields. We and our team of international colleagues have identified a series of rarely observed radio objects – radio remains, radio halos, and radio emission fossils – in a highly dynamic galaxy cluster called Abell 3266. They challenge existing theories about the object’s origin. and their characteristics. Relics, halos and fossils Clusters of galaxies allow us to study a rich variety of processes – including magnetism and plasma physics – in environments that we cannot recreate in our laboratories. When the clusters collide with each...

Outbreaks of monkeypox in various countries outside of endemic areas have been ongoing worldwide since early May with Europe as the main affected area. Germany and Spain are among the European countries with the most reported cases of monkeypox. Two articles published in Eurosurveillance describe the epidemiology of monkeypox and the sources of transmission in the Madrid region of Spain and in Germany, with a focus on Berlin. Mass gatherings as the main source of contagion in the Madrid region Martinez et al. [1] analyzed data on 508 confirmed cases of monkeypox in the Madrid region. The majority of reported cases were men who identified themselves as men who have sex with men (MSM) and who had had unprotected sex or had sex with multiple partners in the 21 days prior to the onset of symptoms. At the start of the Madrid outbreak, many people attended the same sauna in the city center which was temporarily closed by public health authorities as a precaution. Gay Maspalomas pride in Gr...

If you want to avoid feeling tired, making sure you include plenty of iron sources in your diet is very important. This is because iron is a vital mineral your body needs to make hemoglobin, a type of protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. Without enough iron, we cannot make enough red blood cells to transport oxygen, leading to health problems and symptoms such as extreme fatigue. Women are more prone to iron deficiency anemia due to blood loss during periods, and may want to consider supplements as a result. There are also some adjustments you can make to your diet to aid absorption, such as taking iron with vitamin C sources. “Iron absorption is highly dependent on the health of the digestive tract,” adds Dr Margarita Kitova-John, a GP, functional medicine physician and founder Lantern Clinic (opens in a new tab) . “It starts in the stomach and mostly occurs in the small intestine. Adequate secretion of hydrochloric acid in ...