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What to do Mars Mars is the second smallest planet in our solar system and the fourth planet from the sun. It is a dusty, cold, desert world with a very thin atmosphere. Iron oxide is abundant on the surface of Mars, giving it its reddish color and its nickname "Red Planet." The name Mars comes from the Roman god of war. ” data-gt-translate-attributes=”[{” attribute=””>Mars and Iceland have in common? These days, not so much. However, more than 4.5 billion years ago, it’s possible the Red Planet had a crust comparable to Iceland today. This discovery, hidden in the oldest Martian fragments found on our planet, could provide information about Earth that was lost over billions of years of geological movement. It could also help explain why the Earth developed into a planet that sustains a broad diversity of life, while Mars did not. These insights into Earth’s past came out of a new study that details how they found the likely Martian origin of t...

More than half a billion years ago, Earth experienced a near-complete collapse of its magnetic field. It begins in the early Cambrian period. Then, after a period of about 15 million years, the field began to grow again. The cause of the collapse and the reflection of the field is a mystery. Then, a group of geologists studied the rocks from Oklahoma that formed during that time. Magnetic markers in rock minerals point to events that began about 550 million years ago. That was before multicellular life was introduced on our planet. Look Deep Into The Core To understand what’s going on, look at the structure of our planet. Most of us learned in school that the Earth is made up of layers. There’s a crust, where you’re sitting reading this now. Beneath it is the mantle, the thickest layer of the earth. It lies above the molten outer core, which surrounds the solid inner core. The inner core has two parts—the outermost inner core and the innermost core. The cor...

Credit: Curtin University A new study from Curtin University has found that water was transported much deeper in the early Earth than previously thought, explaining how the continents originally formed. Studies published in Earth and Planetary Science Letter answers a long-standing question about Earth’s early water cycle. Principal investigator Dr. Michael Hartnady, of the Curtin School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, says how water is stored and transported through the Earth’s crust affects everything from where volcanoes and mineral deposits form to where earthquakes occur. “Although we understand the modern deep water cycle, we know very little about how it worked when Earth was a very young planet,” said Dr. Hartnady. “Some geological evidence suggests that water was transported to great depths on Earth all the way back to 3.5 billion years ago, although it is not well understood how exactly it got th...

Earth’s crust drips “like honey” into our planet’s hot interior beneath the Andes mountains, scientists have found. By setting up a simple experiment in a sandbox and comparing the results with actual geological data, researchers have found solid evidence that earth Earth’s crust has “bullied” across hundreds of miles in the Andes after being swallowed up by the thick mantle. The process, called lithospheric drip, has occurred for millions of years and in various locations around the world – including Turkey’s central Anatolian Highlands and the Great Basin of the western United States – but scientists have only studied it in recent years. The researchers published their findings on Andean drops on June 28 in the journal Nature: Earth & Environment Communication (opens in a new tab) . Related: A ‘totally new’ type of magnetic wave found surging through Earth’s core “We have confirmed that the deformation ...

The researchers described direct observations of the particle size of ice nucleation in the middle Arctic throughout the cycle of sea ice development and decline. According to their findings, these particles have distinct seasons, with lower concentrations in winter and spring and higher concentrations during summer melting local flora. The clouds that cover the Earth’s surface and the tiny aerosols in the air known as ice core particles that initiate the formation of ice in these clouds are important contributors to climate change. Climate is strongly influenced by this interaction of heat, cloud cover and ice nucleation. Earth is heating up faster (Photo: Alberto Restifo/Unsplash) But those important ice-forming aerosols, which can be mineral dust, microorganisms, or ocean spray, are almost never investigated in the Arctic, where they are most needed because their effects are little understood, and few scientists have traveled that far north, as per ScienceDaily. However, scient...

Japanese researchers have released plans to recreate Earth’s gravity level on the moon. The effort aims to support plans by the United States and other countries to build long-term bases for humans on the moon. The low gravity on the moon will affect the humans living there in important ways. The American space agency NASA notes that the gravity on the moon’s surface is one-sixth the gravity we experience on Earth. How to “make” gravity Designers working on plans to recreate Earth’s level of gravity, known as “1 g,” on the moon proposed the use of a centrifugal system. Centrifugal force is created by circular motion. The centrifuge rotates very fast to force the material in it away from the center or axis point, NASA explains. This planned system will create false gravity in the enclosed space on the lunar surface. The project is a partnership between researchers at Japan’s Kyoto University and engineers at Japanese building company K...

It is impossible to know the geological history of the formation of our planet, because it has been destroyed by tectonic movements and the subsequent evolution of the earth’s surface. Or maybe not completely impossible… There are very rare clues to this process that may be gleaned from pieces of other planets that have arrived at Earth’s surface in the form of meteorites. In particular, Mars can provide an indication of our planet’s early evolutionary path. More than 4.5 billion years ago, Mars probably had a crust similar to that found on early Earth, and information about this crust may be hiding in the oldest Martian meteorites currently known to have landed on Earth. But first, scientists must identify exactly where the 4.48 billion-year-old meteorite, dubbed Black Beauty, came from on the surface of Mars. Studies published in Nature Communication details the methods the international team used to identify that this piece of Martian rock came from one of the o...