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Since the 1800s, scientists have noted the configuration of the centromere, a special region of chromosomes essential for cell division, in the nucleus. To date, however, the determination mechanism and biological significance of the centromere distribution is poorly understood. A team led by researchers from the University of Tokyo and their collaborators recently proposed a two-step regulatory mechanism that forms the distribution of centromeres. Their findings also suggest that the configuration of the centromere in the nucleus plays a role in maintaining genome integrity. The results were published in Natural Plants . During the process of cell division, special chromosomal domains called centromeres are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. Once the cell division is complete and the cell nucleus is built, the centromeres are distributed spatially in the nucleus. If the distribution of the centromeres drawn to the two poles remained unchanged, the cell nucleus would have centro

Your gut is an amazing place. The special layer of cells that line the inside of your small and large intestines take nutrients and water from what you eat while keeping anything bad out of your system. This layer is called the intestinal epithelium. It actually renews itself every four to seven days using stem cells. These are special types of cells that can self-renew by dividing and differentiating to produce other types of cells to renew your organs. Scientists still don’t know how exactly they make this decision, or what defines stem cells. Bernat Corominas-Murtra, formerly a postdoc at the Austrian Institute of Science and Technology (ISTA) and now an assistant professor at the University of Graz, and Edouard Hannezo, professor at ISTA, in collaboration with an international experimental research group led by Jacco Van Tim Rheenen in Amsterdam studied cells stems in the intestinal epithelium. They discovered an exciting new mechanism that could change our understanding of w