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Showing posts with the label universes

The cosmic time machine: how the James Webb Space Telescope allowed us to see the universe's first galaxies

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It’s been an exciting week with the release of amazing photos of our Universe by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Images like the one below give us the opportunity to see distant, faint galaxies as they did more than 13 billion years ago. The field image in SMACS 0723 was taken with just a 12.5 hour exposure. The faint galaxy in this image emitted this light more than 13 billion years ago. NASA, ESA, CSA and STScI This is a great time to step back and appreciate our first class ticket to the depths of the Universe and how these images allow us to look back in time. These images also raise an interesting point about how the expansion of the Universe factors into the way we calculate distances on a cosmological scale. Modern time travel Looking back in time may sound like a strange concept, but that’s what space researchers do every day. Our Universe is bound by the rules of physics, with one of the best known “rules” being the speed of lig

Huge Black Hole Existed Before Universe's First Star (Weekend Feature)

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The discovery of black holes was the first collision of quantum gravity with general relativity. In 2019, astrophysicists at the University of Western Ontario discovered proof for the direct formation of black holes that need not arise from stellar remnants. The production of black holes in the early universe, which formed from massive seeds aided by the gravitational field immediately after the Big Bang, provided scientists with an explanation for what appeared to be extremely massive black hole anomalies at a very early stage in the history of our universe. Supermassive black holes formed very, very quickly in the early universe over a very, very short period of time and then suddenly, they stopped. Shantanu Basu and Arpan Das from the Western Department of Physics & Astronomy developed an explanation for the observed distribution of mass and luminosity of supermassive black holes, for which there was no scientific explanation before. They concluded that su

Scientists discover how the universe's first quasar formed

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Credit: University of Portsmouth The mystery of how the universe’s first quasars formed—something that has baffled scientists for nearly 20 years—has now been solved by a team of astrophysicists whose findings were published in Natural . The existence of more than 200 quasars powered by supermassive black holes less than a billion years after the Big Bang remains one of the outstanding problems in astrophysics because it is never fully understood how they formed so early. The expert team led by Dr. Daniel Whalen of the University of Portsmouth has discovered that the first quasars formed naturally in turbulent conditions from reservoirs of rare gas in the early universe. Dr. Whalen, from the University’s Institute of Cosmology and Gravity, said: “This discovery is very exciting because it has reversed 20 years of thinking about the origin of the universe’s first supermassive black hole. This video shows a supercomput

Scientists discover how the universe's first quasar formed

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The mystery of how the universe’s first quasars formed – something that has puzzled scientists for nearly 20 years – has now been solved by a team of astrophysicists whose findings were published in Nature today. The existence of more than 200 quasars powered by supermassive black holes less than a billion years after the Big Bang remains one of the outstanding problems in astrophysics because it is never fully understood how they formed so early. A team of experts led by Dr Daniel Whalen from the University of Portsmouth has discovered that the first quasars formed naturally in the turbulent conditions of a rare gas reservoir in the early universe. The first supermassive black holes were simply a natural consequence of the formation of structures in the cosmology of cold dark matter – children of the cosmic web. Dr Whalen, from the University’s Institute of Cosmology and Gravity, said: “This discovery is very exciting because it has reversed 20 years of thinking about the origin of th