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New research from the University of Cincinnati is showing early indications that light could be used as a treatment for certain ailments, including cancer. Researchers from UC, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and University at Buffalo published the results of their study showing light-activated proteins can help normalize dysfunction in cells in the journal. Nature Communication July 25. Research findings Research centers on the function of mitochondria, the organelles in cells that act as the cell’s “power generator” and source of energy. Organelles are small specialized structures that perform various jobs in the cell. Jiajie Diao, PhD, one of the study’s authors, says hundreds of mitochondria are constantly coming together (a process called fusion) and dividing into smaller pieces (a process called fission) to keep them in balance in healthy cells. But when mitochondria don’t function properly, an imbalance of these fission and fusion processes occurs. This imbalance can

A set of genes that promote the sensation of sweetness are also important for protein management during fly development, according to a new study led by the University of Bristol and colleagues, published today (July 21) in the open access journal PLOS Biology. These findings broaden the understanding of key processes in successful development and suggest a link between taste-related genes and impaired protein aggregation. Protein homeostasis or proteostasis, is a set of processes that maintains cellular proteins in a functional state and removes damaged proteins that cannot be repaired. Ribosomes are multi-protein molecular machinery that synthesizes proteins and mutations in genes encoding ribosomal proteins not only impair protein synthesis but also impair proteostasis, leading to chronic proteotoxic stress. That stress, in turn, has a number of cellular consequences and results in delayed development and other irregularities. To better understand the disturbances caused by such

The researchers definitively linked the function of a protein-specific domain important in plant microbial biology to cancer triggers in humans, knowledge that scientists have avoided for decades. Team findings, published in natural Communication Biology, opens new avenues for the development of selective drug therapies to fight various types of cancer, such as cancers that start in the breast and stomach. ORNL scientists set out to experimentally prove what they first concluded with a computational study: that the plasminogen-apple-nematode, or PAN, domain is associated with cell proliferation that promotes tumor growth in humans and defense signaling during plant-microbial interactions in plant-bioenergy. plant. This association was first made when researchers were exploring the genomes of plants such as poplars and willows. Read also: Cancer drug that could potentially treat muscular dystrophy In the latest study, the ORNL team demonstrate

Washington [US], July 9 (ANI): Exposure to copper in the environment and the protein alpha-synuclein in the human brain may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. The researchers were able to show how the protein takes on an unusual shape when exposed to large amounts of copper ions. These findings could help develop new strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The causes of Parkinson’s disease are not fully understood. Long before the onset of characteristic muscle tremors, the appearance of faulty proteins in the brain can be the first sign. Researchers at Empa and the University of Limerick in Ireland have now taken a closer look at the abnormal shape of these alpha-synucleins in the form of a protein ring. By doing so, they were also able to visualize at the nanoscale the relationship with environmental pollution by copper. It highlights the development of neurodegenerative diseases and the role of biometals in the disease proces

Human immunodeficiency virus 1, more commonly known as HIV-1, is known for its remarkable ability to evade the immune system. Scientists at Scripps Research and collaborators have now discovered how our innate immune system – the body’s first line of defense against foreign invaders – detects HIV-1, even when the virus is present in very small amounts. His findings, published on July 8, 2022, in molecular cell , revealing a two-step molecular strategy that jolts the innate immune response into action upon exposure to HIV-1. These discoveries could impact the development of drugs for HIV treatments and vaccines, as well as shape our understanding of how the innate immune response is involved in other areas – including neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s. “This study illustrates how the immune system can recognize a very cryptic virus, and then activate a downstream cascade that leads to immunological activation,” said Sumit Chanda, PhD, professor in the Department of Immun

A study of the herpes virus infecting chickens offers new insight into the potentially problematic interactions between vaccines made from live viruses and viruses that are meant to be thwarted. Reported in the journal Virulence, the study offers direct evidence that vaccines and viruses can infect the same cells in live animals and share the molecular tools that allow the virus to infect other animals – in this case, chickens. The study focused on Marek’s disease, a viral infection that is spread when a chicken inhales flakes of dead skin or feather tissue from an infected chicken. “We’ve been trying to understand how the virus spreads from one host to another,” said University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign pathobiology professor Keith Jarosinski, who led the study. “Not only did we do it for the benefit of chickens in the poultry industry, but also because of a very similar mechanism used by the virus that causes chickenpox, where it enters through the respiratory tract and infects l