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Raman spectroscopy, an optical microscopy technique, is a non-destructive chemical analysis technique that provides rich molecular fingerprint information about chemical structure, phase, crystallinity and molecular interactions. This technique relies on the interaction of light with chemical bonds in a material. However, because light is a wave, optical microscopy cannot resolve distances of less than half the wavelength from the light incident on the sample. This is known as the “diffraction limit,” which prevents Raman spectroscopy and other optical microscopy techniques from achieving nanoscale resolution. To increase the spatial resolution, another technique called “tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy” (TERS) was invented, which can achieve a spatial resolution below the diffraction limit. In TERS, a nano-sized metal tip confines light in a nano-sized volume just above the sample. The light interacts with the sample molecules on the surface and imaging is done by analy...

Conventional nanoscale imaging is usually difficult to perform for large micron-scale samples due to aberrations caused by thermal effects and vibrations. Now, researchers from Japan are tackling this problem with a newly developed imaging system that compensates for the aberration. Credit: Professor Prabhat Verma of Osaka University Raman spectroscopy, an optical microscopy technique, is a non-destructive chemical analysis technique that provides rich molecular fingerprint information about chemical structure, phase, crystallinity and molecular interactions. This technique relies on the interaction of light with chemical bonds in a material. However, because light is a wave, optical microscopy cannot resolve distances of less than half the wavelength from the light incident on the sample. This is known as the “diffraction limit,” which prevents Raman spectroscopy and other optical microscopy techniques from achieving nanoscale re...

SpaceX is expanding Starlink’s internet service to oceans, rivers and lakes – at a high cost. Starlink Maritime is now here and the company is targeting superyacht owners, oil rigs and merchant vessels as potential customers. This service has an upfront hardware fee of $10,000 for two ‘rugged’ Starlink platters and regular fees will run up to $5,000 per month. In comparison, space-based internet costs $110 per month with a one-time equipment cost of $599 for residential customers; it is also available for business and RV. Scroll down for the video SpaceX projects maritime performance speeds of 100-350Mbps down and 20-40Mbps up. Pictured is one of the satellites attached to the ship Starlink Maritime currently only extends to waters around North America, Europe and Australia. In the fourth quarter of this year, the company plans to expand that coverage to the wider oceans of the Northern Hemisphere, with plans to expand to all of the world’s oceans i...

summer 2012 is one for the books – the first Avengers movie has just hit theaters around the world, and Carly Rae Jepsen’s “Call Me Maybe” is dominating the charts. And oh yeah, physicists across the ocean at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have just discovered a world-altering particle called the Higgs boson. Theorized for decades leading up to its discovery on July 4, 2012, the Higgs boson is a subatomic particle that has the power to confirm or destroy the most comprehensive theory of physics to date, the Standard Model. As the LHC begins the process of destroying its third atom, scientists have taken steps to Natural to reflect on what a decade of Higgs research means for how we understand physics and the world it describes. Giulia Zanderighi is director of the particle physics group at the Max Planck Institute for Physics and co-author of the perspective published this week in Natural on the Higgs warning. He told Backwards that CERN’s H...

The Australian Renewable Energy Agency has received an overwhelming response to its offer of a $100 million grant for an ‘advanced’ grid-scale battery project, which is seen as critical to the transition to a 100 percent renewable energy grid. A shortlist of 12 projects representing capacity in excess of 3GW and 7GWh storage was completed from more than 54 proposals. ARENA said its response “far exceeded expectations,” and underlined the major development path of Australia’s large battery storage project. Funding will be provided for at least three projects and selected projects have been asked to submit full applications for their share of the funding offer, available for new and existing projects equipped with ‘advanced’ inverters. Selected projects totaled a combined $297 million of grant requests, for a total investment value of $3.7 billion. The figures suggest that ARENA’s funding could eventually support the development of approx...