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Diagram of a semiconductor nanowire made of indium, gallium, and nitrogen—decorated with gold and chromium oxide nanoparticles. When light hits the nanowire, it liberates electrons and positively charged “holes” that the electrons leave behind. In the nanowires themselves, the holes oxidize water to protons (hydrogen) and oxygen. Meanwhile, some of the electrons are drawn into the metal nanoparticles, where they break down the carbon dioxide. The molecules recombine into carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane molecules to form syngas. Credit: Roksana Rashid, McGill University. Solar-powered synthesis gas can recycle carbon dioxide into useful fuels and chemicals, an international research team has shown. “If we can produce syngas from carbon dioxide using only solar energy, we can use this as a precursor for methanol and other chemicals and fuels. This will significantly reduce the overall CO. 2 emissions,” said Zetian Mi, professo

Credit: Public Domain CC0 The increased incidence of potentially cancer-causing liver disease in children is associated with prenatal exposure to several endocrine-disrupting chemicals, report Mount Sinai researchers. This is the first comprehensive study of the association of prenatal exposure to these chemicals and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The researchers used cytokeratin-18 as a new marker of disease in children. The findings, reported in JAMA Network Open in July, underscoring the importance of understanding prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is a rapidly growing problem in children that can lead to severe chronic liver disease and liver cancer in adulthood. “These findings may inform more efficient early-life prevention and intervention strategies to address the current epidemic of non-alcoholic fatty liver dise